Rights and Freedoms of Aboriginal People over the Past Century

Rights and Freedoms of Aboriginal people over the past Century The rights and freedoms of Aboriginal Australians have changed tremendously over the past decade. The treatment given to the indigenous population of Australia has been an aggravating issue, ever since the white settlement in Australia. As a matter of protection, the Australian governments have implemented, rules, and policies such as, ‘the policy of protection’, assimilation, integration, paternalism, and self-determination, gradually taking away, and disempowering the Aboriginals, and their rights, and freedoms.Paternalism greatly affected individual Aboriginals. During the years of 1901 to 1914, many states and governments maintained similar attitudes and perspectives of the indigenous Australians. Predominantly, this perspective/attitude was based on the belief , that the Aboriginal population, were savages, uncivilised, and were regarded as much inferior or hold less mental capacity to determine what is best for them. This lead to paternalism. Paternalism is the meaning for ‘Fatherly’.This attitude led governments to take control over the Aboriginals, who are depicted to be unable to act for themselves. This act forced aboriginal people out of their traditional lands, the white Australians considered the need for agriculture land is much important for them rather than the Aboriginals. By extracting the Aboriginals from their lands and placing them on reserves, and providing them with adequate supplies of food, and other supplies, was thought as humane. The policy of Assimilation changed the freedom and rights of individual Aboriginal Australian.This policy fostered aboriginal people to change their, way of life, and adapt to the culture of ‘white people' the individual aboriginals were expected to absorb and adapt to the white culture. This policy was depicted to be ‘good’ for the indigenous population. The policy of Assimilation was difficult to enf orce, as aboriginal people retaliated, and fought for the rights, and for the preservation of their culture and identity. This lead to the ‘Stolen-generation’ which involved the forceful removal of aboriginal children from their lands, and family. The children were then dispatched into institutions, or were adopted by white families.As a result the policy of Assimilation continued. The policy of protection was linked to the act of paternalism, which had two intentions that is to preserve and protect the aboriginals, and to educate the existing population, on western culture. From the intention of protecting the indigenous population, the aboriginals faced racism, discrimination, and the deterioration of their way of life. For example under the policy aboriginals could be moved onto reserves at any time, they required permission from the government to marry a white person, they could not vote.During the past century, Aboriginal people were forced to accept protectionism. Practicing and following their culture and way of life was strictly prohibited, therefore this policy had a great negative impact upon the aboriginals. For many decades, The Aboriginal organisations have made amendments for the removal of discriminatory references to aboriginal people individuals in Australia. The federal council for the aboriginals launched a campaign for a referendum. These campaigns were established in all states of Australia. In 1967 (45years ago) a referendum was held.During the referendum, one of the two questions asked was whether the derogatory statements and references to aboriginal people should be removed. The referendum has regularly been seen as providing full citizenship to aboriginals. The referendum and the constitutional changes were not quickly enforced however, over time this referendum changed the lives of aboriginals and their participation to the nation. This referendum changed the lives of aboriginal Australians as they are able to participat e in mainstream events, and were able to sustain their way of life, and gained freedom.The rights and freedoms of the indigenous people continued to change as the policy of assimilation was changed into integration. Aboriginal people fought for the individual rights to participate and engage in activities in the mainstream society. Integration allowed aboriginal individuals, for the first time to, keep their way of life, culture, and customs. They were able to make personal decisions on how their life was meant to be. At the year 1965, the commonwealth conference on the aboriginal policy, changed the policy of assimilation to integration.Self-Determination is the fundamental right for a nation or a specific group of people to regulate all aspects of their lives such as, culture. This policy involved the indigenous people, to have complete right to navigate their basic needs and collective wants. This includes secure and private ownership of land, local community control of land, loc al community control of services, and community affairs. For Aboriginal communities, the ownership of a segment of land is vital approach for the achievement of self-determination.Self-determination is linked to many issues, such as the return of human remains and sacred material by museums, the recognition of customary law, access to culture and appropriate education, and culturally of appropriate housing communities. The establishment of Aboriginal owned organisations is an important step towards self-determination. In conclusion, it is evident that the Australian government practiced policies which restricted and controlled the rights and freedoms of the Aboriginal people.From the 1900’s, Policies such as, the policy of protection’, and, assimilation, had negative impact to the aboriginal way of life, and culture. However over the 1960’s policies such as, Integration, self-determination, and the constitutional referendum have brought aboriginals freedom, and rights. They are able to participate in mainstream events, regardless of their race, and were able to practice their way of live, and were able to preserve their cultural heritage. [email  protected] com By: Gokul (10W)

Night World : Huntress Chapter 15

Jez recognized them immediately-not the individuals, but the type. They were ‘wolves, and they were thugs. Somebody's hired muscle. She didn't have her stick, but she didn't need it. She could feel a dangerous smile come to her lips; part anticipation and part sheer fury. Suddenly she wasn't tired, wasn't sore, wasn't anything but perfectly in tune with her body and dying to use it as a weapon. She launched herself like a streak of red lightning, passing Claire easily and knocking the human girl flat before landing in front of the ‘wolves. A guy and a girl. They snapped to attention in front of her, each dropping into a fighting stance. Behind her, she could hear Claire say, â€Å"Ow.† â€Å"Good morning and welcome to the Bay Area,† Jez told the ‘wolves; then she snap-kicked the girl in the face. The girl flew backward. She wasn't out of commission, but it had wrecked the joint attack they had been about to make. The guy knew this, but he was a wolf, so instead of waiting for his partner to recover, he growled and threw himself at Jez. Oh, Goddess, this is too easy. As he drove a punch at her face, Jez turned sideways and let his fist whistle past her. Then she threw her left arm â€Å"* around his left hip, holding him in what was almost an embrace. A deadly one, though. At the same instant she slammed her left hand up to his chin, striking with enough force to stun him. He staggered in her arms, snarling. Bristly hairs erupted on his face. â€Å"Sweet dreams, Fido,† Jez said. She hooked her left leg around his right just below the knee and brought him crashing to the platform. His head hit the concrete and he went limp. Somewhere behind Jez, a sort of thin shrieking had begun. Claire. Jez ignored it, and ignored the two or three people scrambling for the stairs- avoiding the down escalator because it was right beside Jez. She was focused on the female werewolf, who was back on her feet. â€Å"Do yourself a favor and don't even try anything,† she said, grinning. â€Å"You're way outclassed.† The girl, who had reddish-brown hair and a feral expression, didn't answer. She simply showed her teeth and lunged for Jez. With both hands reaching for Jez's face. You'd think they would learn, Jez. thought. Especially after what just happened. Even as she was thinking it, her body was making the right moves. She grabbed the girl's leading arm with both hands, then twisted, pulling her off balance. She took the girl down with a pull drop, flipping her to the platform. As soon as the girl was flat Jez locked the arm she still held and began to apply leverage against the elbow joint. â€Å"Don't move or I'll break your elbow,† she said pleasantly. The girl was writhing in pain, spitting and struggling and hurting herself worse. Absently, Jez noticed that Claire had stopped shrieking. She glanced up to make sure her cousin was all right and saw that Claire was on her feet, staring openmouthed. Jez gave her a reassuring nod. Then she looked back at the female ‘wolf. Now that the fight was over she had the leisure to wonder what was going on. There were plenty of people who might want to kill her, but she couldn't think of any reason for them to target Claire. And they had been targeting her; Jez was sure of that. This was no random thing. This was two ‘wolves attacking a human right in public, in front of witnesses, as if they didn't care who saw them. This was something planned, something important. She gave the girl's arm a little twist, and the girl snarled wildly, glaring at Jez with reddish eyes full of animal fury and hatred. â€Å"Okay, you know what I want,† Jez said. ‘I need answers, and I don't have much time. What are you doing here? Who sent you? And why do you want her?† She jerked her head toward Claire. The girl just glared harder. Jez applied more pressure. â€Å"Look, I can make time for this if I need to. I can do this all day. After I break this elbow I'll do the other one. And then I'll break your ribs, and then your kneecaps-â€Å" â€Å"Filthy halfbreed scum,† the werewolf snarled. Jez's heart gave an odd lurch. She tried to quiet it Well, now, that was interesting. Somebody obviously knew her secret. And since they'd been going for Claire, they knew Claire was connected with her†¦. They knew about her family. Jez saw white light. She threw sudden pressure against the ‘wolfs elbow joint. The girl screamed, a sound more of anger than of pain. â€Å"Who hired you?† Jez said softly, each word coming out like a chip of ice. â€Å"Who sent you after my cousin?† She stared into the reddish eyes, trying to reach into the girl's soul and yank an answer out of her. â€Å"Nobody messes with my family,† she whispered. â€Å"Whoever sent you is going to be sorry.† She couldn't ever remember feeling so angry. And she was so focused on the girl, so intent, that it wasn't until Claire screamed that she realized someone was approaching behind her. â€Å"Jez, watch out!† The yell woke Jez up. Without releasing her hold on the female ‘wolf, she turned around-just in time to see a male vampire stalking her. He must have come up the down escalator. And behind him, unbelievably, was Claire, running and getting ready for a flying tackle. â€Å"Claire, don't!† Jez yelled. She struck the female ‘wolf once, with deadly accuracy, on the side of the jaw to knock her out. Then she sprang toward the vampire. But Claire was already grabbing him-a completely futile and foolish gesture. He whipped around and seized a handful of dark hair, and then he was holding Claire in a choke hold, putting her body between him and Jez. â€Å"One more step and I'll break her neck,† he warned. Jez skidded to a stop. â€Å"You let go of my cousin,† she spat. â€Å"No, I really think we need to talk first,† he said, the beginnings of an ugly grin on his face. â€Å"You're the one who's going to give answers-â€Å" Jez kicked him. A roundhouse kick to his knees while he was busy talking. She didn't worry about keeping it nonlethal. She only cared about breaking his hold on Claire.- It worked. He lost his grip, stumbling sideways. Jez grabbed Claire and thrust her out of the way, shouting â€Å"Run! The escalator's right there!† But Claire didn't run. â€Å"I want to help you!† â€Å"Idiot!† Jez didn't have time to say that Claire couldn't help her; could only hurt her. The vampire had recovered and was moving toward her in fighting position. He was big, probably over two hundred pounds. And he was a full vampire, which gave him the advantage of strength and speed. And he was smarter than the ‘wolves; he wasn't just going to lunge. And Jez didn't have a weapon. â€Å"Just keep behind me, okay?† she snarled under her breath to Claire. The vampire grinned at that. He knew Jez was vulnerable. She was going to have to keep half her attention on protecting Claire. And then, just as he was about to make an attack, Jez heard the smack of footsteps on concrete. Running footsteps, with a weird little hesitation between them, like somebody with a limp†¦. She flashed a look toward the stairs. Hugh had just rounded the top. He was out of breath and bleeding from cuts on his face. But as soon as he saw her and the vampire he waved his arms and yelled. â€Å"Hey! Ugly Undead! Your friend missed me! You want to have a try?† Hugh? Jez thought in disbelief. Fighting? â€Å"Come on, hey; I'm here; I'm easy.† Hugh was hopping toward the vampire, who was also flashing looks at him, trying to assess this new danger while not taking his focus off Jez. â€Å"You want to go a few rounds?† Hugh dropped into a boxer's pose, throwing punches at the air. â€Å"Huh? You want to try for the title?† All the time he was speaking, he was dancing closer to the vampire, circling to get behind him. Beautiful, Jez thought. All she needed was for the vampire to shift his attention for one second-just to glance behind him once-and she could kick his face in. It didn't work that way. Something went wrong. The vampire tried to glance behind him. Jez saw her chance and made the kick, a high kick that snapped his head back. But somehow instead of falling backward the vampire managed to blunder forward straight at her. She could easily have gotten away-except for Claire. Claire had obediently kept behind her-even when behind her meant standing right by the BART tracks, on the yellow metal squares that marked the edge of the platform. Now, as the vampire stumbled forward and Jez began to slide out of the way, she heard Claire gasp, felt Claire clutch at her wildly. She knew what had happened instantly. Claire had tried to run the wrong way and was teetering on the edge of the platform. More, she was taking Jez with her. There was a distant rumble like thunder. Jez knew she could save herself-by getting rid of Claire. She could use Claire's body as a springboard to propel herself away from the drop. That way, only one of them would die. Instead, she tried to twist and throw Claire away from her, toward safety. It didn't work. They both lost their balance. Jez had the strange, surprised feeling one gets in the middle of a fell-where's the ground?-and then she hit it It was a bad fell because she was tangled with Claire. All Jez could do was try to keep Claire* away from the third rail on the far side of the track. The impact winded both of them and Jez saw stars. She could hear Hugh screaming her name. The distant thunder had become a roaring, whizzing sound, carried through the tracks underneath Jez. Down here, she could feel a rattling that wasn't audible from above. It was a noise that filled her head and shook her body. She knew absolutely, in that instant, that they were going to die. Both of them. Crushed to pieces under the train. The white dragon would run right over them and not even know it. There was simply no chance. Claire was clinging to her desperately, clawing Jez's arms hard enough to draw blood, and gasping in the breath for a scream. And even if Jez had been a full vampire, she couldn't have lifted Claire the four feet to the platform fast enough. There was nothing to save them, no hope. No rescue. It was over. All of this flashed through Jez's mind in the single instant it took her to look up and see the train bearing down on them. Its sleek white nose was only thirty feet away, and it was braking, but nowhere near fast enough, and this was it, the actual moment of her death, the last thoughts she would ever think, and the last thing she would ever see was white, white, white- Blue. It happened all at once, filling her vision. One second she could see clearly, the next the entire world was blue. Not just blue. Fiery, dazzling, lightning-shot blue. Like being inside some sort of science-fiction special effect. There was blue streaming and crackling and sizzling all around her, a cocoon of blue that enfolded her and shot past her and disappeared somewhere ahead. | I'm dead, Jez thought. So this is what it's like. Completely different from what people say. Then she realized that she could hear a faint shrieking sound beneath her. It was Claire. They were still holding on to each other. We're both dead. Or we've fallen into some kind of space warp. The rest of the world is gone. There's just-this. She had an impulse to touch the blue stuff, but she couldn't move because of Claire's grip on her arms. It might not have been safe anyway. Where it flowed over her, she could feel a sort of zinging and tingling as if all her blood were being excited. It smelled like the air after a storm. And then it disappeared. All at once. Not by stages. But it still took Jez several moments to see anything, because her eyes were blinded with dark yellow after-images. They burned and danced in front of her like a new kind of lightning, and she only gradually realized where she was. On the train tracks. Exactly where she had been before. Except that now there was a huge, sleek BART train two feet in front of her. She had to tilt her head to look up at its nose? It was gigantic from this angle, a monster of white, like the iceberg that sank the Titanic. And it was stopped dead, looking as if it had always been here, like some mountainous landmark. As if it had never moved an inch in its history. People were yelling. Shrieking and yowling and making all kinds of noise. It seemed to come from far away, but when Jez looked she could see them staring down at her. They were at the edge of the platform, waving their arms hysterically. As Jez stared back at them, a couple jumped down to the tracks. Jez looked down at her cousin. Claire was dragging in huge breaths, hyperventilating, her whole body shaking in spasms. She was staring at the train that loomed over them with eyes that showed white all around. A loudspeaker was booming. One of the people who had jumped, a man in a security guard's uniform, was jabbering at Jez. She couldn't understand a word he was saying. â€Å"Claire, we've got to go now.† Her cousin just whooped in air, sobbing. â€Å"Claire, we have to go now. Come on.† Jez's whole body felt light and strange, and when she tried to move she felt as if she were floating. But she could move. She stood up and pulled Claire with her. She realized that somebody was calling her name. It was the other person who had jumped to the tracks. It was Hugh. He was reaching for her. His gray eyes were as wide as Claire's, but not wide and hysterical. Wide and still. He was the only calm person in the crowd, beside Jez. â€Å"Come on. Up this way,† he said. He helped her boost Claire to the platform, and then Jez scrambled up and reached down to help him. When they were all up, Jez glanced around. She knew she was looking for something-yes. There. The werewolves she'd knocked out. It seemed a hundred years ago, but they were still lying there. â€Å"The other guy got away,† Hugh said. â€Å"Then we have to get out of here fast.† Jez heard her own voice, sounding quiet and faraway. But she was beginning to feel more attached to her body. Hugh was guiding Claire toward the escalator. Jez got on the other side of Claire, and they both helped keep her on her feet. The security guy was behind them, yelling. Jez still couldn't understand him and ignored him completely. When they reached the lower level, she and Hugh began to walk faster, pulling Claire along with them. They shoved Claire through the handicapped gate by the ticket window and vaulted over themselves. From down here, Jez could see that the train was smoking all along its bottom. White smoke that sizzled up into the muggy air. â€Å"We can't go on the street,† Hugh said. â€Å"They've got cars out there.† â€Å"The garage,† Jez said. They both headed for it, a multi-story brick building that looked dark and cool inside. They were almost running with Claire, now, and they didn't stop until they were deep within the bowels of the garage, with emptiness echoing all around them. Then Jez sagged against a brick pillar. Hugh bent over with his hands on his knees. Claire simply folded to the ground like a marionette with all its strings cut. Jez let herself breathe for a few minutes, let her brain settle down, before slowly lowering herself beside her cousin. They all looked as if they'd been in an accident. Hugh's shirt was ripped and there was drying blood all down one side of his face. Claire's hair was wildly disheveled, and there were scrapes and small cuts on her face and arms. Jez herself had lost a lot of skin to the tracks, and her forearms were bleeding where Claire had scratched her. But they were alive. Beyond all hope, they were alive. Claire looked up just then to find Jez gazing at her. They sat for several moments simply staring into each other's eyes. Then Jez reached out to touch her cousin's cheek. â€Å"It was you,† she whispered. â€Å"All that time-and it was you.† She looked up at Hugh and began to laugh. He looked back, his face pale in the semi-darkness. He shook his head and began to laugh, too, but shakily. â€Å"Oh, Goddess,† he said. â€Å"I thought you were dead, there, Jez. I thought I'd lost you.† â€Å"Not while she's around, apparently,† Jez said, and laughed harder. She was slightly hysterical, but she didn't care. Hugh's laughter sounded a little like crying. â€Å"I saw that train-and there was no way it was going to stop in time. And then-that light. It just shot out-and the train hit it. It was like a physical thing. Like a giant cushion. The train hit it and it squashed and the train went slower and then it kept squashing-â€Å" Jez stopped laughing. â€Å"I wonder if the people on the train got hurt.† â€Å"I don't know.† Hugh was sober now, too. â€Å"They must've gotten thrown around. It stopped so fast. But it didn't smash. They're probably okay.† â€Å"I just-from the inside, it looked like lightning-â€Å" â€Å"From the outside, too. I didn't imagine it would look like that-â€Å" â€Å"I didn't know it would be so powerful. And, think about it; she's untrained-â€Å" There they were, an Old Soul and a vampire hunter who'd seen everything the streets had to offer, babbling like a couple of kids. It was Claire who stopped them. She had been looking from one of them to the other, getting more and more agitated. Now she grabbed Jez's arm. â€Å"What are you guys talking about?† Jez turned to her. She glanced at Hugh, then spoke gently. â€Å"We're talking about you, Claire. You're the Wild Power.†

A critical review of the harlem dancer and her storm

A critical review of the harlem dancer and her storm Claude McKay’s â€Å"The Harlem Dancer† is a poem immersed in the rich cultural aesthetic of a cultural renaissance that is unable to conceal its somber song of oppression, even in an atmosphere trying relentlessly to exorcise those sour notes. The infected atmosphere in question is a Harlem nightclub, in which a beautiful, black female dances away her hardships as â€Å"laughing youths,† â€Å"prostitutes,† and the speaker watch. Using the speaker’s unique perspective, and the strict sonnet form, McKay illuminates both the beauty of resilience and degradation of the African American â€Å"self† perpetuated by racial oppression. Initially, a division is drawn between the speaker and the rest of the audience because of a difference in race and perhaps morality. Critic Beth Palatnik agrees, stating that the speaker â€Å"identifies himself and the dancer with blackness† (Palatnik). According to her analysis, the speaker assumes a position of moral superiority over the rest of the audience that sexualizes the dancer’s â€Å"half clothed body† (McKay 2). She notes that the speaker is more preoccupied with the woman’s â€Å"swaying palm† than he seems to be with her scantily clad figure. Though Palatnik seems to believe that this evidence alone proves the speaker’s moral superiority, the speaker is nevertheless an audience member himself in the nightclub, watching this sexualized dance. Therefore, it seems hypocritical to suggest that he is morally superior to those around him who are watching the same show. However, perhaps the difference involves not what the speaker sees, but what the audience does not see during the performance. The other audience members are described as â€Å"laughing,† â€Å"eager,† and â€Å"passionate†; diction that alludes to their unburdened enjoyment of the performance. The speaker is separate from these â€Å"boys† and â€Å"girls,† and the slow, deliberate meter of this sonnet, antithetical to the raucous atmosphere of the nightclub, allows the reader to infer that the speaker is a more reserved and thoughtful presence. Critic Eugenia W. Collier confirms that the â€Å"slow, measured, dignity o f the sonnet† form, contrasts with the â€Å"wild world† of Harlem (Collier). The speaker’s demeanor contrasts with those around him just as the structure of this poem contrasts with its setting. Maybe, as Palatnik suggests, his behavior is derived from his repudiation of the audience-projected eroticism, which she labels as â€Å"cultural rape†or maybe, as Collier speculates, he behaves differently because of the age disparity between him and the other audience members (Palatnik). Yet, it is a third explanation that best defends the critical assertion that the speaker of this poem is morally superior to those around him. In the ending heroic couplet following this sonnet’s volta, the reader learns that the speaker sees the dancer’s â€Å"self† as well as her body, creating a psychological connection rather than just a corporeal fascination. The audience and the speaker are both voyeurs, enjoying the aesthetic pleasure of watching the dancer, but unlike the audience the speaker sees the dancer as a fully actualized being, spiritually separated from her body and gender, if not race. The speaker sees her as a person as well as the attractive subject of his voyeurism, particularly a person similar to himself because of their shared ethnicity. He recognizes the intersection of beauty and pain that both define her humanity and, as the speaker implies, the African-American race. Using the dancer as an archetype, the speaker and poet illuminate the codependence of beauty and adversity in relation to the African-American woman, and the black community in general. In accordance with the philosophy of this poem, adversity begets beauty and this is emphasized through McKay’s use of a storm as an extended metaphor for the hardships faced by the black population through the course of American history. The poem states that the dancer had â€Å"grown lovelier for passing through a storm† (McKay 8). Palatnik is correct in her assertion that this storm is a metaphorical storm of racial oppression, supported with the emphasis on race in this poem and exemplified in the euphonic phrase â€Å"blown by black players,† the description of the dancer’s neck as â€Å"swarthy†, as well as through McKay’s other works that focus on race (ie: â€Å"Mulatto†). Critic Cary Nelson argues that the dancer’s beauty and pride, epito mized through her graceful movements and â€Å"proudly swaying palm,† represent the gains black people had made from overcoming adversity (McKay 5-7). Still, while the dancer may seem beautiful and triumphant, the description of her as â€Å"falsely-smiling† in the final heroic couplet implies that the resilient â€Å"self† that she projects to the audience may be as much of a performance as her dance. Although analysis of the speaker establishes his recognition of the dancer’s â€Å"self,† further examination of the last phrases of this poem suggests that what the speaker is seeing is not the â€Å"self† but the absence of the â€Å"self,† resulting from the dancer’s continued experience of racial subjugation. The speaker states that he knew the dancer’s â€Å"self† was not in the â€Å"strange place† of the nightclub. This line contains two metrical deviations from standard iambic pentameter; a pyrrhic followed by a spondee that emphasize the words â€Å"strange place†. This spondee’s function is to separate â€Å"strange place† from the rest of the line, creating a division between itself and the word â€Å"self† and therefore a thematic separation of the dancer’s internal self from her external environment. This tactic conveys that the dancer has overcome adversity through adaptation, pro tecting the â€Å"self† through separating it from her body, which exists in an environment of racial oppression and sexual exploitation. The music playing in the Harlem nightclub fades with a final somber note. Though triumph is found at the beginning of this poem, it is only a triumph of adaptation. In this poem, McKay insinuates that the oppressive conditions African Americans endured for centuries still persist into his current era and that any projected contentment on the community’s behalf is as much a facade as the dancer’s â€Å"falsely-smiling† face.

Facebook vs Twitter Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Facebook vs Twitter - Case Study Example Undoubtedly, malicious virus attacks appear to be the most potent challenge to Facebook. Due to this problem, thousands of people lose access to their accounts. In addition, computer hackers intrude into Facebook IDs and steal users’ confidential information. The â€Å"Facebook’s mission is to give people the power to share and make the world more open and connected† (as cited in Reagan, 2009). However, growing governmental interventions and regulations including ban raise potential challenges to Facebook in some countries like China. Hence, the company has to struggle a lot to make its mission achievable. Market competitors like Twitter and Myspace are turning out to be a significant threat to Facebook. Last but not the least, many social interests groups raise their voice against Facebook, arguing that this website is a major reason of time wastage. Evidently, Facebook’s major competitor Twitter is the greatest challenge/threat to the company. Twitter has attained worldwide popularity and this website has the strength of over 500 million active users as of 2012. In addition, high profile people like celebrities and politicians prefer Twitter to Facebook. This situation may contribute to an increase in the level of Twitter traffic over the coming years. In order to manage the threat of Twitter, it is advisable for the Facebook to integrate more customized page features and applications. It is also recommendable to take efforts to ensure the presence of high profile celebrities on Facebook. Finally, the company should make financial incentive provisions for Facebook promoters. Possibly, the involvement of high profile people may be the best strategy for the Facebook to defend the threats from Twitter.

Film Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Film Report - Essay Example The murder of the two US soldiers took place in a village near Oglala, SD. In this film, many people were charged with murder but only Innate American frontrunner  Leonard Peltier  was convicted of murder. The movie is also composed of conflicting evidence, which shows that Leonard Peltier  was an innocent victim. Leonard Peltier  spent many years in prison, 16, according to the film, whereby he was always hopeful for freedom. The film is persuasive in both details and its case against pitiless national rules toward Indians. The movie is of documentary journal, an epic and historical movie that caters for special interests. It takes a run time length of ninety minutes and was released on fifth august in 1992. Thereafter, its DVD was released in 1999, on March 16. The themes dominant in this film is conspiracies, social injustice, and injustice. It also involves tones of austere, earnest, matter of fact and tension. The film is done in English language. The actors in this movie are John Trudell, who acts as a firebrand who is suspected of murdering a federal bureau of investigations agent at Oglala. This forthright, particular film suggests a thorough explanation of the ferocious proceedings that led to the assassinations of two F.B.I. agents in Oglala. The film discloses with simple and frequently parched bravura, occasionally by means of visual exemplifications of vivacious substantiation in a manner, which amnesias how the FBIs begins distress amidst broad-minded and outmoded components contained in the Indian community. They provide indication, which appears to prove to the vehement performances of the Guardians of the Oglala Nation. They contrasted with the American Indian Movements undertakings of 1990. The movie continues to the questionable murders, with evidence from Darrelle (Dino) Butler and Bob Robideau. This people were tried of murder separately from Petlier and were later acquitted. Due to the conventional confusion around what essentially

Supply Chain Managmet Case Study Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Supply Chain Managmet Case Study - Essay Example and Jill, a representative of Success Inc. Company. Mike Vanne’s company was a supplier to Success Inc. Time context Based on the conversation, Mike Vanne’s company started experiencing management problems from 1998 soon after its establishment. In 1999, the company also changed its fiscal year. This change in fiscal years twice in a row is an indication of short sighted and indecisive leadership. Viewpoint Mike Vanne’s viewpoint is that the company is fast growing. He defends this viewpoint with the fact that they made eleven acquisitions in a time span of two years. He links the company’s prosperity with the acquisitions. In addition to this, Mr. Vanne believes his company is in good shape since he has good employees. However, Jill is of a different viewpoint. She questions the nature of leadership in Mr. Vanne’s company. This indicates that she believes the company’s leadership is the cause of the potential problems. Central problem The ce ntral problem in this case is poor leadership. Mr. Mike Vanne has little knowledge of the business yet he is the owner. In addition to this, he is complacent in taking radical steps to ensure the company does not get under problems in the future. He chooses to ignore the fact that his company has been faced with several lawsuits. As if that is not enough, he brushes off the idea as bad publicity of the company. Out of a series of ten meetings, Ari Villa happens to have attended one or two board meetings yet he is the chairman to the board. Mike Vanne justifies Villa’s actions in proposing that villa is a busy man. Another leader, Sandra Chia fails to attend a meeting with one of their business associates yet she is the Chief financial Officer to the company. As a CFO, it is important for her to attend meetings concerning their business associates since the impression she gives could either work for or against the company. From these illustrations, one concludes that the leade rship in X Inc. is in shambles. The leaders are allowed to run the company as they wish and are not accountable to anyone. According to Jones (p.1), lack of collaboration amongst the company leadership is one of the signs of a dysfunctional leadership. Statement Objectives Statement objectives form the backbone of any business. They relate what the business plans to achieve (Complete Business start up p.1). X Inc.’s objectives are as follows: To provide quality service in the technologic business field. To ensure continuous growth of the business through establishing a wider market base and capturing profitable business opportunities. To create a strong leadership team that will channel the company towards growth. Areas of Consideration In solving the problem at hand, a SWOT analysis will reveal the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of X inc. business venture. SWOT analysis analyses external and internal factors that are key to the attainment of a companyâ€⠄¢s objectives (Hill & Westbrook pp.12) External Environment The external environment assesses threats and opportunities. One takes into consideration macroeconomic matters, technological advancement, changes in the market, competition and legislation. In looking at X Inc., it has several opportunities. X Inc., is one of the leading technological companies. This opportunity helps them to wade off unnecessary competition. In addition to that, its ability to form mergers and acquisitions opens it up to a larger

Self-Projection Project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Self-Projection Project - Essay Example This has helped me explore a deeper side of myself that I never knew was possible. It has helped me see how others view myself, and that is one of the most valuable lessons that I take away from this. I tend to think that I know myself well. I have a very good sense of self. I know what I am good at and what needs improvement. I am constantly making self-improvements. To a certain extent, I really motivate others, and it has been shown through the interviews that I have garnered from friends, family, and colleagues, that I excel in almost anything I do. I guess one might say that I am a very high-strung (at times) individual, but that I make sure to keep all of my commitments. I have several hard and soft skills which I feel will serve me well in the future. One of my best assets is my leadership. I have good leadership skills which set me apart from the crowd. I also have amazing public speaking skills and can dazzle a crowd with my linguistic stylings. Really, it depends upon the p articular audience, but I know how to adapt myself to almost any setting and it shows. I am somewhat of an extroverted person; I enjoy making new friends and acquaintances, and am somewhat of a socially motivated person in that sense. I don’t pull any punches and am very honest with people about what I expect of them and how I expect to be treated in return. Another great feature I like about myself is that I have been able to use my outgoing nature to win friends, make money, and influence people. Meeting new people and seeing the world is part of what makes me who I am today. I have a real zest for life and believe you shouldn’t take life for granted. So, I eat life for breakfast, and I don’t mean the cereal! (Lol.) It is totally possible to learn something new from anyone that I meet and therefore, in business as well as in my leisure time, I always make sure to develop a solid list of contacts and social networks, since social networking is the wave of the f uture. I know that I can count on my friends and family to be there for me when things get difficult. Something else about me is that I am a very positive person. This has served me well in the past, as I definitely believe in karma and the phrase, â€Å"What goes around comes back around† (Janin, 2004, pp. 152). Like Anne Frank, I believe in the general goodness inherent in people. Everyone should be able to help everyone else out. Currently, one of the books I am reading is very inspiring. It’s called Viktor Frankl’s book Man’s Search for Meaning. It talked about how Frankl survived Auschwitz, one of the worst concentration camps, by using logotherapy—also known as talk therapy. Frankl talks about the importance of prisoners to maintain their human dignity in the face of conditions that were worse than inhumane. I am the sort of person who likes solving problems, yet at the same time, I don’t have patience for things like crossword puzzles and so forth. I enjoy challenges, but sometimes I admit I can be a bit intellectually lazy, not fully taxing my mental capacities to their hilt because I am reserving brainpower for truly important and difficult tasks. I don’t like to use my energy unnecessarily; therefore, I keep a very tight rein on my time and how I control it. I always make sure that I know who I am going to be spending time with and what I should do to manage this time. My ability to tackle challenges, combined with the fact that I am a positive person, helps me to avoid bad situations and difficult people. This is part of what breeds success in my life and in my living environment. About me, I am definitely a team player, which has always been a strength of

The United Nations And the European Union Essay

The United Nations And the European Union - Essay Example This essay declares that the efficiency of EU’s counter-terrorism operations is also highly questionable. Generally, the EU doesn’t support the US concept of a ‘war on terror’ and tends to criticize the US approach as highly military driven and overactive. The EU has adopted soft approach of sanctions and political pressure. The European governments are highly worried about the consequence of their anti-terrorism policies on their Muslim population which constitutes around 16 to 21 million of overall EU’s population. This paper makes a conclusion that both the UN and EU have played a crucial role in peacekeeping operations on a global and regional level. The end of cold war is marked as the transformation period for both the organizations in terms of their peacekeeping operations and foreign policies. The emergence of global terrorism, growing intrastate conflicts, rising nuclear proliferation, transformation of global political system from unipolarity to multipolarity in recent years, globalization, and growing economic inequality are some of the major common pressures which triggered developments in both the institutions. Despite radical reformation, the UN and EU possess significant deficiencies in their structure and flaws in their policies. The effectiveness of their peacekeeping operations is rather limited. In order to preserve collective security and global peace, it is necessary for both these crucial organizations to reform their policies and adopt effective measures to conquer present flaws in their functional framework.

Environmental Protection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Environmental Protection - Essay Example European Convention has recognised Human rights as one of the main cornerstones of its existence. "Under the Human Rights Act 1998, UK courts and public bodies are bound to act in accordance with the Convention. There is one exception to this, which that the Convention right to an individual remedy is not transposed. Instead, there are in effect 'collective' remedies, in the sense that legislation can be decreed incompatible with the Convention and fast-tracked through Parliament for reform," Bell, p.78. European human rights law operates at a general level at which usually it mostly outweighs the environmental rights and interests. ECJ has interpreted the right to respect home life (Article 8) and tries to provide remedy against extreme pollution1. Human rights law also have an indirect impact on environmental rights because it provides various freedoms like freedom of expression (Article 10). It gives the right of peaceful assembly (Art 11) and this means it is possible to voice the grievances and protest publicly about environmental degradation. EC on Human Rights protects civil, political freedoms, but has not particularly developed any rights against environmental degradation. Environmental law is comparatively of a very recent origin and has emerged to safeguard the natural environment from the onslaught of human activities that are continuously polluting the earth. Every country has seen that legislation is necessary to protect the natural environment and ecosystems. This is a combination of common law, treaties, negotiated agreements, statutes regulations, precedents, conventions and other governmental policies passed for the purpose. Some of the laws regulate the activity impact on nature like setting levels of pollution. Environmental law does not have a definite boundary of its own. "The potential lack of doctrinal certainty has, in the United Kingdom at least, led to a number of attempts to 'justify' the existence of a coherent subject known as environmental law as a discrete legal subject area," Bell (2006, p.5). Environmental law is a political discipline and political parties mutually never agree on a particular legislation. According to Bell, British approach to pollution control is pragmatic and involves consideration discretion. Environmental law involves economic, social, political, cultural criteria in addition to environmental main thrust and regulatory agencies conduct the political balancing process, not always with great success. "The power to define and enforce consents is ultimately a power to put people out of business, to deter the introduction of new business or to drive away a going concern," (Hawkins, 1984 in Bell, p.14). Most of the laws are preventive in nature. 1960s started the worldwide phenomena of passing environmental laws and now it has become part of sustainable development and the policy thrives on public participation, environmental justice and it imposes fines and in very serious cases, it could punish with imprisonment. The principle here is to prevent, command and control. There are many rights like private rights, public Law Rights, substantive legal rights and human rights involved in the environmental law. The Climate Change Bill published on 13th March 2007 is aimed at low-carbon economy mainly to cut the carbon emissions by 60% before 2050 and if approved, perhaps UK will

Theories of Counseling Essay Example for Free

Theories of Counseling Essay Counseling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Counseling comes from the word counseil (Middle English), conseil (Old French), consilium (Latin); it means to take counsel or to consult. There are so many definitions that you can apply with the word counseling as there are people who practice this to describe it more comprehensively. Frank Parsons was the one who originated this term in the year 1908. This term was adopted by Carl Rogers because he was not permitted by the psychiatry profession to call himself a psychotherapist and in response to widespread prejudice in the United States against lay therapist. Counselor   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Counselor is the term to a person or individual who has an intellectual, psychological, emotional and mental capability in listening and responding to one’s illness in mind and emotion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As a counselor, there are few points that should be done systematically and constantly. A counselor should be a great listener. He should listen effectively and wisely to what his client is saying. Counselor should work with its client with a define goal and thoughts with respect to the client’s values and cultural living. He should respond correctly with every feeling his client is dealing and be able to facilitate its thoughts and worries about a certain situation. He should know how and what to advise to help his client gain their own sight and understanding into how they should act, feel, and think in each given parameters of situation. A counselor should be a good teacher and a good model to help and teach his client express their emotions in its own way of living, work out its solutions to its specific problems, accept the things that cannot be changed in their life, and supports their counselor-client relationship while doing all this process. Counselor should know how to help his client become empowered to act in ways that are best in their own interest and should be able to use a variety of techniques to help his client explore and gain confidence in their life. Characteristics of a Helping Relationship   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The helping relationship is defined as the process of promoting the growth, development, maturity, functioning and coping skills in another person. Fundamentally, the helping or healing practices used in this process must be consistent with the value system of those you are trying to help. The diversity of First Nations people suggests that understanding how he or she sees the world is the best guide to establishing a helping relationship. Yet among traditional healing practices in all cultures, there seems to be two principal phases of the helping process, an inward exploratory phase and an outward action phase. However, we feel the First Nations approach must include four principle dimensions. In both phases, the dimensions of the spiritual, physical, emotional and social are explored and utilized. While the wheel represents them in parts, in fact they are integrated into every aspect of our being. Phase one is characterized by an inward direction in which a relationship is established and the problem or concern is explored. This means that the level of trust you develop will form how you interact with the person you want to help. Trust is the principle grease that facilitates the helping process. The exploratory nature of this phase suggests that the peer support giver listens in an active way, paying attention not only to what is being said, but also to how it is being said. The second phase of the helping process is characterized by an outward direction in which a course of action is outlined and implemented. The peer support giver works in a cooperative manner as the problem is being worked through. Helping generally does not move in a direct line. In this sense, helping is cyclical or more like a wavy circle as compared to a linear line which moves directly from a statement of the issue to a solution (Roger,61).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Helping Relationship is also called Therapeutic relationship. It is a special instance of interpersonal relationships and all the same lawfulness governs all such relationships. In other words, helping relationship might be defined as one in which one of the participant in a so-called process intends that there should come about, in one or both individuals, more functional use of the latent inner resources of the person. A helping relationship is like when you are dealing with a physician and his patient or the relationship between teacher and student. All counselor-client relationships, in all kinds of counseling are a category for helping relationship. In this include the wide range of relationships between the counselor and the client and the relationship between the therapist and the increasing number of the normal individuals who enter therapy to improve their own system of functioning or to accelerate their personal growth of living. There are many kinds of one-to-one relationships. But there are large number of these are intended to helping relationships. Interaction between the counselor and his client is belonging in this situation. The interaction between the consultants is intended as a helping relationship. These things will sum up that the fact that many of the relationship in which many patients are involved fall within this part of interactions in which there is the purpose of promoting development and more mature and analytical method of functioning.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Many of the studies involving this matter about helping relationship throw light on the attitudes on the part of the helping person which make a relationship growth-promoting or growth-inhibiting as its characteristics.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In a study given by Baldwin about parent-child relationships shows great evidence about the characteristics of helping relationships. The characteristics of a parent-child relationship are also related and can be applied to other similar cases of counseling. The counselor who is warmly emotional and expressive, respectful of the individuality of himself and of his client should be able to exhibits a non-possessive caring to facilitate self-realization much as the client is dealing with their own attitudes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There should be also a high degree of agreement among the client and the one who is counseling regardless of the orientation of their elements in unhelpful relationships. Guiding one another is mildly perceived with each step of the way in the given process to have an acceptable procedure in the end of the counseling therapy.   Interaction between a client and the counselor in the helping relationship is pointing out and labeling the behaviors which had proves unsatisfying, exploring objectively with the client the reasons behind their behaviors and established a re-education more effective problem-solving habits. In all kind of interaction, its main objective as many counselor practices was to be impersonal with every move they are dealing with in a helping relationship. The counselor should permits as little of his own personality to intrude as is humanly possible. It is the clue to the failure of this approach, as it’s interprets the facts in the light of the other research studies. A helping relationship withhold one’s self as a person and to deal with the other person as an object which does not have a high probability of being helpful to its client.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Provided by a similar attraction of process in a helping relationship, we can say that one characteristic of it is working in the field of human relationships has a similar problem in knowing how to use such research knowledge.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Helping relationship is the kind of relationship created by an individual who psychologically mature. The degree to which I can create relationships which facilitate the growth of other people as separate persons is a measure of the growth achieved by the counselor. First step in dealing with counselor-client relationships   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are some significant elements that a counselor should always first cover up in his first session with his client. The first stage of a counseling method is the most critical part of the process because it is the starting foundation of a good and well-sound relationship between the client and the counselor. The first and the most important part the counselor must cover up are to gain the trust and the emotion of its client. The counselor should gain the knowledge and the points of view on how his client is dealing so he will be able to know how to deal with it in its specific situation and be able to plot the problems on how they will take it in a systematical way of approach. The counselor should the first time they meet, the problems where his client is dealing and the goals that they are enlisted to aim in order to process the thinking and the right relationship with each other. They should come up a very good feeling with themselves specially the patient. The most important thing when dealing with your client at the first time you’ve met is the foundation of your relationship. It will be the starting point of your mission that’s why it is very critical. The ways and step by step process should be well plotted and organized (Corey, 114). Your main responsibilities in counseling are to attend your regularly scheduled sessions, talk about what is bothering you as openly and honestly as you can, and complete any tasks or homework assignments you may be asked to do. You are expected to let your counselor know if you are unable to make it to a session. Most counseling will require you to try something new or a different approach. Another thing your counselor will expect is for you to be willing to experiment and try things without jumping to conclusions. You are also expected to let your counselor know when your problems have been solved as well as let your counselor know if you dont feel like youre making any progress. This latter point is most important: your counselor is most interested in your benefiting from counseling. One of the most difficult steps in counseling occurs before you even see a counselor for the first time. Deciding to seek counseling is the first step in change. Once this decision has been made, the mechanics for change have been set in motion. In the process of changing the way you think, feel, or behave, you usually must try out new ways of doing things. This can make you anxious or frustrated. Also, in the course of counseling you may come to realize that things you once thought of only in a positive or negative way you may see a bit differently. The challenges of pushing on your limitations may also cause your frustrations, but with commitment and practice, you will find that you can stretch your limits and find new and exciting aspects of your self (Corey, 114). Theories and Techniques in Counseling   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Biblical Psychology for me is the most useful and effective techniques in counseling in whatever type of this in accordance to the biblical theory of counseling.   God looks at us from the perspective of our feelings, doings and root levels, and we are to do the same. It is through these levels; we assess and evaluate the problem, the diagnostics. Our feelings tell us what is happening, but we are not to make decisions or live by those feelings. This is what distinguishes a Christian from the world. The world lives by feelings but a Christian lives by his will and his will is based on the word of God which is the will of God. He is to do what God says to do regardless of his feelings. The doing of Gods word regardless of feelings is illustrated by Gods commandment to love our enemies, do well to those who hate you, bless those who curse you, and pray for those who persecute you. This is all contrary to our natural feelings but our true self in exercising Gods command, the self in union with the Holy Spirit, transcends the natural and changes our feelings into compassion rather than retaliation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   The emphasis in the Christian life is in the doing. It is the doing that changes our feelings as well as our root level. As we do what Gods word commands, the Holy Spirit changes our root from selfishness and self-centeredness, to conform us to the image of the Lord Jesus Christ in our very root being. This is a lifelong process that continues changing us from glory to glory when we simply obey Gods word. Accordingly, we are to view the problem from Gods perspective, and His word provides the solution, the hope, and with hope are changes that are necessary, and the practice of these changes to conform you to the image of Christ.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Depending upon your problem or situation, the following are provided to assist you in seeking Gods solution; Orientation to Biblical Counseling- An eight week training course to provide students with a basic knowledge on how to handle their problems Gods way as opposed to the worlds way, Establish a Foundation for Biblical Discipleship- A five week program for new Christians, teaching them how to grow and mature in Christ. This could be used for individual counseling or a classroom setting and Strengthening Your Marriage- A ten week course for pre-marital and marital situations. These are worksheets designed for individual counseling situations, and deal with a variety of sin problems and the solutions thereof. The Life Studies are divided into three categories; Guilt and Shame as the past, anger and bitterness as the present and fear as the future. These time segments cover all of lifes experiences and must be dealt with biblically. Counselee must know that he is identified with Christ, that by the blood of our Lord, counselees conscience is washed and cleansed of guilt and shame once and forever. Now he is to live the new life, empowered by the Holy Spirit, collaborating with God, to deal with his present, the daily offenses and irritations of life, and thereby establish Gods will on earth. Thus, he is enabled to leave the future in Gods hands. We should always remember: You are given life so that Life may indwell you, Christ Himself, and you are to work out this life daily being conformed to His image. Gods word is your authority, and the indwelling Holy Spirit is your power to enable you to be a blessing instead of a curse on this earth. Go now as you make a disciple of yourself, go and make disciples of others and fulfill Christs command. Let a godly lifestyle be a living witness of Christ walking this earth in, as, and through you.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another theory that I am willing to learn more is the systemic interversions. Systemic interventions are premised upon the assumption that ones environment elicits and supports the individuals dysfunctional cognitive, behavioral and affective responses. The go goal of systemic interventions is to change the individuals social environment or system, thus changing the patterns of interrelationship that elicited or supported these responses. Examples of systemic interventions (in addition to those in the preceding categories that also produce system change) include: altering communication patterns through role play and renegotiation, altering family (or system) structure by reconstructing boundaries, the family genogram, family sculpture, and providing directives for change. Children pose special issues in the selection of counseling interventions for several reasons. They have little power or control over their environment, or may lack the cognitive or affective development to respond to some interventions. For this reason, a systemic view which involves significant adults in their world often is the most effective approach to intervention selection.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are a lot of techniques in counseling and the most that I am capable to apply is the progressive relaxation. These are one of the relaxation techniques in counseling. Most of the time, we are unaware of tension in our bodies until it escalates into headaches, muscle tightness, even vomiting, diarrhea, and ulcers in more extreme situations. An important part of recovery is becoming aware of our feelings. Our thoughts and feelings are major sources of this tension; creating tightness in neck and shoulders, the lower back, stomach, or legs and feet. However, we arent always aware of our internal state, so, another way to recognize and manage some of our internal feelings is through identifying what it feels like to be tense. Progressive relaxation can help us learn to recognize the tension or stress in our bodies, so we can stop it before it becomes a major physical problem (headache, muscle tightness, etc). Progressive Relaxation exercises purposefully create tension beginning from one end of our bodies to the other. What’s the purpose? It helps us recognize what tense and relaxed feels like. Since we all store stress in our bodies, we can only release body tension if we are aware of it (Roger, 61).   III. Life experience   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   My past life experiences is cruel and difficult. I encountered many problems and difficulties when I was a child. I am an adopted child who was molested and put on foster care. I think that this life experience of mine is a big advantage when dealing with my client. Increasing numbers of molested and abused children are very significant today.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     According to a 2001 study by the Edna McConnell Clark Foundation that used federal data, annual direct costs including medical, police, court and welfare costs of all child abuse is $24 billion. In addition, an estimated 10 to 20 percent of 1 million cases today are of child abuse. According to the National Institute of Justice, 26 percent of abused and neglected children become juvenile delinquents, and 13 percent of violent crime can be linked to earlier child maltreatment. Research by the U.S. Bureau of Justice found that about 22 percent of imprisoned child sex offenders reported having been sexually abused during childhood (Stevens, 2005)   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   It is estimated that 20 to 40 percent of adult women in the United States were sexually abused before the age of 18. For men, the range is 10 to 20 percent. Thats 24 million to 48 million women and 11 million to 22 million men. Almost every child is vulnerable to child molestation. Victims can be boys as well as girls and older as well as younger. There are many kinds of child molestation. Examples of this are; Touching or fondling, flashing or exposing adult genitals to a child, showing x-rated material to a child, deviant sexual activity such as defecation, urination, bondage, or sadomasochism and normal sexual activity such as vaginal or anal intercourse or oral stimulation of the genitals. Child molesters are either coaxing or persuading a child into sexual activity or forcing and threatening to harm a child into sexual activity. They most often manipulate child victims into complying with sexual activity by grooming them with attention, affection and gifts over a period of time. This grooming agenda of a molester is usually aimed at the parent of very young children in order for the child molester to obtain the family’s trust and thereby have an access to the child (Stevens, 2005).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   With my own life experiences, I gradually think that it will be a greater advantage for me to able to comply and deal with my client to help in his problem especially if my client is also a molested child. Therefore, I can relate with my client much easier and comfortable. Nature of Clients   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In accordance to my life experiences, I am very willing to deal with people who also encountered and came from similar life experience as mine. It will be easy for me to dwell with this kind of people because I am capable enough to handle and understand their emotion and behavior in this kind of problem. I am not looking to deal with people who molest. Those people are the hardest thing for me to approach. Bibliography Corey; Theory and Practice of Counseling; 7th edition Helping Relationship; Educational compliment, May 2000   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   www.educ.uvic.ca/faculty/hfrance/2.htm; September 23, 2007 Rogers, Carl R.; A Therapist View of Psychotherapy, Houghton Mifflin Company Boston New York, 1961 Stevens, Ellen Jane; Myths cover up further tragedies in Episode of Child Molestation   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Sunday Edition, April 3, 2005

Effects of Fossil Fuels

Effects of Fossil Fuels Every year, 5.5 million people die prematurely because of air pollution (Lelieveld et al 367). In fact, that number is more than the deaths caused by malaria and HIV/Aids combined. By 2050, the number is projected to double if the problem cannot be tackled properly (Carrington). When asked how to address this problem, a common answer is to reduce our fossil fuels productions. But how can we the world together solve this problem? In the recent book This Changes Everything, the author, Naomi Klein describes how the world is struggling to reduce carbon emissions, and we are approaching the point where climate change is soon to be out of control. The author expresses her indignation about the machinations of big polluters and their collaborators, and concludes with a hope of a revolution when societies suddenly decide they have had enough (Klein 464), so only mass social movements can save us now (Klein 450). To do so, she urges people to act and apply comprehensive boycotts, divestments , and penalties against lobbied politicians, parties, countries and corporations that are destroying our resources and future. One of the remedies she mentions is the divestment movement which can stop the intention of pushing the planet beyond the boiling point of big oil companies (Klein 354). Divestment def: Divestment is considered as one of the few remaining practical strategies likely to awaken organizations and individuals around the world to the powerful necessity of massive and immediate action to fight against climate change and extractivsm because it is morally, strategically and financially important. Greenhouse gas emissions in the world are continuing to increase rapidly, yet the climate is worse than anticipated. Scientific evidence suggests that, with the absence of significant progress to slow emissions, the climate of the earth will warm up at least 3 degrees Celsius, if not more. Stern Review on the Economics of Climate Change conclude that if future temperature increases two or three more degree, one-sixth of the worlds population would face floods or droughts and reduce crop production in Africa enough to put several hundred million people at risk of starvation (Lockwood). In order to keep the world safe, international commitments based on scientific evidence have committed to keep warming around 2 °C of the pre-industrial baseline. However, the earth is currently at about 0.8 °C above this pre-industrial level (IPCC). Without strong and meaningful solutions to slow down emissions, the dangers of warming at higher levels such as 3 °C or 6 °C wi ll likely result in the sea level rise up to three feet by 2100 and ten feet by 2300 (World Bank). Hundred millions people will have to seek for new settlements. Catastrophic fires will take place in Amazon forests more often, which is responsible for ten percent of the worlds oxygen supply. Yet, the Himalayan ice sheet will melt, causing 2 billion people in Asia losing water supply for drinking and farming. However, fossil fuel extraction companies rely on extracting resources that are incompatible with the 2 °C warming threshold. Carbon budget has been estimated at 565 gigatons of carbon dioxide in 2012, but fossil fuel companies hold reserves that are estimated at 2795 gigatons which is five times as much compared to the carbon budget. In other words, only 20 percent of their reserves can be exploited and burned without exceeding the 2 °C warming threshold, and the other 80 percent must be kept intact in the ground. Despite the truth that burning fossil fuel will ca use the world to reach the limit of warming, they continue to extract and also pour billion of dollars every years into finding new resources, about 674 billion in 2012. Furthermore, they have spent billion on exploring unconventional fossil fuels which are more harmful to the environment such as coal seam gas and tar sand. These activities are considered as unscrupulous behaviors, regardless of whether these extraction and exploration companies are putting money into research and development methods related to cleaner harnessing methods and alternatives, and alsotheir activities have contravened local laws or jeopardized indigenous peoples health by causing water contamination and releasing emissions during the exploitation process. To smoothen those exploitation processes, fossil fuel companies have funded climate change deniers and influenced politicians to ensure legislations that limit environmental rules can be passed. They also advertise campaigns against proposed initiatives , exaggerating the potential job losses and imbalance of energy security. Therefore, fossil fuel companies have shown a lack of integrity and accountability, so continuing to invest in these companies does not fit social morality any more. As in Bill McKibbens words, If its wrong to wreck the planet, then its wrong to profit from that wreckage. However, fossil fuel companies and opponents argue that the world is so dependent on fossil fuels, and any abrupt change will impact on the poorest countries and communities because only fossil fuels can lift them out of poverty. In fact, the world has seen that alternative energy has brought benefits to the worlds poor. For example, in Bangladesh and Mongolia, more than 3.5 million solar homes systems have been installed in rural Bangladesh, creating 70,000 direct jobs (World bank). The solar homes system has been changing their lives by not only lighting up their homes with low-cost energy, but also provide a safer energy source to cook rat her than burning coal and wood because indoor air pollution is one of the main causes of death in these countries, due to the use of dirty oil or coal plant to cook (Varma). If we perceive that destroying the climate in which humanity evolved by promoting fossil fuel emissions is wrong, then making profit from investing in these companies is also unethical. Divesting may not prevent fossil fuel companies from continuing their activities. It will, however, put the pressure on them to behave responsibly and make them not to continue acting with impunity. Although there is a widespread agreement that institutional investors leaving their funds will not directly harm fossil fuel companies, there may be a direct financial impact on the areas where funds are reinvested. Renewable energy and other clean technology companies are widely recognized as under-capitalized, meaning that greater investment in these sectors could help push the development of alternative and renewable energy. In a report in 2014, the IEA confirms that global financial support for fossil fuels in which exploration is only a portion, was estimated at $ 550 billion in 2013. That was four times the subsidies for renewable energy. Because of the huge costs for exploring reserves and the fluctuation in prices of coal and oil, these generous public subsidies are deemed uneconomic, holding back investment in renewable. But if billion of dollars are withdrawn from fossil fuels companies, what are the sectors where the investments could yield high returns and also facilitate the transition to renewable and clean energy system? A recent report from the Sustainable Conservation Alliance found that colleges investing in lighting and heating energy efficiency at their facilities earned an average return on investment of 28 percent. Renewable electricity generation such as wind, solar and biomass, not only reduces emissions but also creates jobs. Some investors argue that fossil fuels companies promise to make fossil fuels become a cleaner source of energy, so divestment is not necessary. The fact that large fossil fuel companies often have some activities in the field of renewable energy makes the divestment movement become complicated. Some observers also argue that shareholder involvement may motivate fossil-fuel companies to convert into renewable energy providers. However, renewable energy accounts for only a small proportion of activities, reaching a peak of 6% by 2015), and there is currently no sign that the transition will occur. As Klein asserts, And even as the demand for renewables increases, the pe rcentage the fossil fuel  companies spend on them keeps shrinking by 2011, most of the majors were spending less than 1 percent of their overall expenditures on alternative energy, with Chevron and Shell spending a deeply unimpressive 2.5 percent. New reserves are still being exploited and explored although in most cases further development is incompatible with the limits of safe climate change. Historically, companies and industries that have not been able to grow fast enough to transform their underlying business operations tend to become outdated and then replaced by new ones. Divestment can facilitate the transition to clean economy. That a massive global transition away from fossil fuels and towards renewable energies, led by solar, also means that there are and will continue to be competitive investment returns earned from carefully selected investment exposure to renewables. The movement is criticized when it gets more attention. It is described as an empty strategy: When you sell your shares, new investors will take your spot. They also have the same influence. Therefore, some investors claim that the divestment from fossil fuel companies is a symbolic act. But what the emergence of this networked, grassroots movement means is that the next time climate campaigners get into a room filled with politicians and polluters to negotiate, there will be many thousands of people outside the doors with the power to amp up the political pressure significantly with heightened boycotts, court cases, and more militant direct action should real progress fail to materialize. And that is a very significant shift indeed. (Klein 355) History shows that divestment campaigns do work by removing the social license of the companies and casting them as social pariahs that run counter to social values. This results in a country or industry running into serious difficulties. As Nelson Mandela and Bishop Tutu have insisted, the divestment campaign in the 1980s was critical to the overthrow of apartheid in South Africa. In the 1990s a divestment helped bring major changes in the tobacco industry after decades of denial. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ As a recent Oxford University study has shown,1 even when divestment has no direct, substantial financial impact on companies, it helps to remove the social license of companies pursuing highly destructive practices. In doing so it helps build a movement that harms the public image of these companies, reduces their political support, and thus impacts their financial interests. Such a campaign can thus help convince the companies to act in a more socially and environmentally responsible way. The campaign can also help convince governments to restrict the GHG emissions of the fossil fuel industry. True, fossil fuel is not in itself a social evil the way apartheid or tobacco addiction are. However, the impact or global warming caused by fossil fuels is far more extensive than apartheid and tobacco. And that impact will be hardest for developing countries and the poor, and the devastating social injustice that will result outstrips the terrible consequences of apartheid. Similarly, the health impacts of global warming will be more deadly than tobacco addiction. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¢ Fossil fuel companies are aware of the devastating harm they are causing and will cause. Yet they are working very hard to continue profiting from the use of fossil fuels and they are fighting against the promotion of renewable energy that we need. While the production of energy itself is a social necessity, to knowingly continue the production of energy that will cause vast pain and destruction for the financial gain of a few is indeed evil. If you own fossil fuels you own global warming. You own the most likely cause of global economic and possibly even civilization-level failure, and moreover, you own a power source that is having an increasingly tough time competing economically. The human community has never faced such certain and devastating consequences if action is not taken. Apart from nuclear war, climate change dominates all previous threats to humanity in its scope and extent. The magnitude of the threat in itself represents a powerful argument in favor of divestment. The movement will send an important message to the world that climate change is happening and immediate actions are needed through reducing greenhouse gas emissions and shifting rapidly to the carbon-free world. Such changes can be considered disruptive and difficult, but necessary and will benefit human health and wellbeing in the short run and in the years and decades to come.  There are strong moral and financial reasons for organizations an d individuals to divest from fossil fuels. Also, divestment is an opportunity for organizations to align their investments with their values and show leadership on climate action. It is not only a political issue or something to be handled by big organizations. Anyone can do something to contribute and to convince institutions to divest. Maybe there is a local divestment group you could join or simply support the international campaigns of 350.org. Ask your bank if they are still investing in fossil fuels. It is up to us to decide where our money is working for.

The Abnormal Aspect of Othello :: Othello essays

The Abnormal Aspect of Othello  Ã‚        Ã‚   Let us in this essay discuss the abnormal outlook on life found in Shakespeare’s tragedy Othello. Is a distorted view on life expressed only by the villain?    Iago is generally recognized as the one character possessing and operating by abnormal psychology. But Lily B. Campbell in Shakespeare’s Tragic Heroes tells of the time when the hero himself approached â€Å"madness†:    Othello himself cries:    thou hast set me on the rack. I swear ‘t is better to be much abus’d Than but to know a little.    And then we find him torturing himself with the thoughts of Cassio’s kisses on Desdemona’s lips, and he reiterates the property idea in his talk of being robbed. From this time on, Othello has become the slave of passion. As he cries farewell to the tranquil mind, to content, to war and his occupation, as he demands that Iago prove his love a whore, as he threatens Iago and begs for proof at the same time, he is finally led almost to the verge of madness [. . .] . (165)    Fortunately the protagonist regains his equilibrium, and when he does kill, it is for the noble reason of cleansing the world of a â€Å"strumpet.† On the other hand, the baseness of the villain Iago never alters. David Bevington in William Shakespeare: Four Tragedies describes the irrationality and self-destructiveness of the ancient’s behavior:    Emilia understands that jealousy is not a rational affliction but a self-induced disease of the mind. Jealous persons, she tells Desdemona, â€Å"are not ever jealous for the cause, / But jealous for they’re jealous. It is a monster / Begot upon itself, born on itself† (3.4.161 – 163). Iago’s own testimonial bears this out, for his jealousy is at once wholly irrational and agonizingly self-destructive. â€Å"I do suspect the lusty Moor / Hath leaped into my seat, the thought thereof / Doth , like a poisonous mineral, gnaw my innards† (2.1.296 – 298). (223)    Blanche Coles in Shakespeare’s Four Giants affirms the Bard’s commitment to abnormal psychology, and his employment of same in this play:    That Shakespeare was keenly interested in the study of the abnormal mind is commonly accepted among students. [. . .] The suggestion that Iago may have been intentionally drawn as a psychopathic personality is not new. [. . .] Even a casual scrutiny of a book on case histories of psychopathic patients will find Iago peeping out from many of its pages.

When a Health Professional takes Advantage of a Patient Essay -- Explo

Picture yourself in this situation: A family member, extremely mentally troubled, has been seeing a psychologist for eight years. Over the course of this long therapy, you, as an interacting observer, see this relative’s mental and physical health deteriorate at an unsteady yet often exponentially quick rate. Between times of displayed complacency and calmness, you see climactic emotional outbursts that are always, though unbelievable to you at the time, outdone and outmatched by the next. You see this person controlled by not only anger but hate—hatred toward other family members; hatred that has burned like a wild fire for decades, always growing and with little hope of extinguishing; hatred that sometimes gets so out of hand that it will often attack even those most loved. You see this family member become increasingly fragile physically: not eating well or enough; not sleeping at all, and only a little after taking sleeping pills so strong they’d knock out a horse; skin so pale and weak against a bony skeleton that at times you find yourself looking directly into the face of a ghost. You hear implied threats of suicide often enough, but not too often, so that you don’t know what to make of them, whether they are true cries for help or a whole new method or angle of verbal manipulation. You see all this over time, all while this close relative of yours has been in therapy with the same psychologist for at least three hours per week, every week, for eight years. What you don’t see is improvement. Though you can only speculate what issues and goals are being addressed in this relative’s therapy, you don’t see resolution on any one issue. You don’t see a forward progression since the first issues addressed eight years ago... ...Dept. of Consumer Affairs. Everstine, Louis, and Diane Sullivan Everstine, eds. Psychotherapy and the Law. Orlando: Grune & Stratton, 1986. Filing a Complaint with the Board of Psychology. Pamphlet. Sacramento: Dept. of Consumer Affairs. Finkel, Norman J. Therapy and Ethics: The Courtship of Law and Psychology. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1980. Gorlin, Rena A., ed. Codes of Professional Responsibility. 3rd ed. Washington, DC: The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc., 1994. Keith-Spiegel, Patricia, and Gerald P. Koocher. Ethics in Psychology: Professional Standards and Cases. New York: Random House, 1985. Perschbacher, Debbie. Personal Interview. 4 Mar. 1999. Rodolfa, Emil. Personal Interview. 3 Mar. 1999. Schutz, Benjamin M. Legal Liability in Psychotherapy: A Practitioner’s Guide to Risk Management. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Pub., 1982.

A Comparison of One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest and Dead Poets Society :: comparison compare contrast essays

One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest and Dead Poet's Society      Ã‚  Ã‚   As a human being we are constantly reminded in our life span to   "Live our lives to the fullest". At lease once in your life i'm sure you've heard of the saying "seize the day". It means you should live your life to the best of your abilities. You should strive to learn new things and live a satisfying life so you have no regrets in life. Many romantics strongly believe in this theory. They feel that you should take advantage of every opportunity that comes your way and that there are so many good things in the world.   Our society today is a very realistic one. People get up in the mornings and go through their daily routine. They wake up, get ready, go to work, come home, eat dinner, go to bed and do the same thing over and over in their lifetime that many feel they have wasted their lives. Only when one sees this pattern and wants to change it can they have a more fulfilling life. Society is responsible for putting this ideal lifestyle into effect an d controlling our lives. In One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, by Ken Kesey, and the film Dead poets Society, there is a similarity in the main characters experiencing the realizations of society and its institutions, which are imposed by Nurse Ratchid and Mr. Noland. Nurse Ratchid and Mr. Noland are realists affected by society and therefore use conformity to their advantage of control. While the very romantic McMurphy and Mr. Keating rise up as leaders expressing individuality against conformity. The outspoken Bromden and Todd fight for freedom and responsibility ending in success as characters; all characters fighting against the institutions society has imposed.    When a person has to constantly make the rules something happens to them as a person. Nurse Ratchid is one who has been affected by society and has lost a part of herself. She hides all womanly aspects of her body because she has been lost in conformity. Because she treats them as machines she is compared to as a machine:      Her face is smooth, calculated, and precision-made, like an expensive baby doll, skin like flesh- colored enamel, blend of white and cream and baby-blue eyes, small nose, pink little nostrils-everything working together except the color on her lips and fingernails, and the size of her bosom.

Media on sex miseducation Essay

This research paper tackles the contentious issues of the impacts of media on sex mis education as well as the child mistreatment. The paper zeros down on the problem by analyzing the prevalence and extend of the problem in the society . It shows the root causes of this problem like the demand for sexual materials by the public that compels the media to mislead the teens on sexual issues as they advertise using such materials and the advancement of technology that has made spread of information to be unlimited. The paper highlights the anticipated risks like social decay, spread of sexually transmitted diseases and upsurge of unwanted pregnancies as the dangers which may arise if the problem is not adequately addressed. Lastly, the paper suggests the possible solutions to this problem as putting in place constitutionally entrenched regulatory agencies to control the content of media products, giving more training to the media personnel on this problem and designing information which portrays the positive aspects of sexuality like family planning as well s being advocator for children’s’ rights. Introduction With the advent of information and communication technology the mass media sector has recorded enormous continuous growth over the last three decades (Keenan, 2007). Basically media refers to the channels that are used to convey information to the people. Media can be classified into two categories namely: the print and the broadcast media. The broadcast media includes the videos, radios, movies, internet, both the cable and broadcast channels and TVs while the print media includes the magazines and the newspapers. Studies have shown that the radio is the leading media for communication in the developing world followed by the TV while in developed countries TV and internet take the lead respectively. The mass media is very vital in the conveyance of information to the people and as such, the content of the information being communicated is of paramount importance since it models the behavior and attitude of people on their daily lives (Turtorn, 2008). This is manifested in the way they respond to their political, economical, social and cultural environments in which they live. Essentially, media has been of great help in all spheres of mankind’s life though with its uncontrolled growth and advancement of technology world over it has resulted to social deterioration and decay. This is has happened in the developed countries and in some urban areas of the developing countries where accessibility to the mass media has increased many folds as compared to the past ( Keenan,2007). Due to this trend, the media has led to sex miseducation and child maltreatment. Studies that have been done by leading research centers from various parts of the globe have indicated that the young people forms the highest number of people who use media with sexually oriented and child abuse programs. This is especially on media like the TV and the internet. The effects of media on sex miseducation While the prime role of any media is to inform the public about various aspects of life affecting them, it is evident that revenue generation has substituted this noble role upon which the purpose of media is anchored. This is primarily taking place due to unrelenting pressure of competition in the media industry from media providers. To fetch more consumers the media they must offer what the consumers demand. Studies have demonstrated that consumers of the media products are mostly attracted by products that are sexually oriented. According to Jacobvirtz (1999), most media providers accrue the highest proceeds from advertisements. As such for the media providers to capture the advertisement revenue, they are indirectly compelled by the consumers to accompany their advertisements with some sexual content which will boost their sales by attracting more customers. Advertisements of this nature take lead in promotions of the tourism, beauty, alcohol and music industries that are of great interest to the youth. In his research Turton (2008),points out that various characteristics of the TV like its accessibility ,popularity ,ability to persuade have made it a prominent instructor that provides a chance for viewers to get informed about matters of sex and sexuality without fear. It presents sex as something for the youth, unmarried, beautiful and who admire to become celebrities. As result of such misconception, this has led to the young people being victims of sexually transmitted diseases and especially the sweeping HIV and AIDS which has prove to be incurable so far. In a study by Braunwald(1995),it was revealed that about 66% of media coverage carry sexual content and during every season the media programs are designed with more sex oriented content compared to the last season. Furthermore, the study demonstrates that media programs that have high popularity among the teenagers contain information that is related to sexual matters. The effects of media on sex miseducation has had far reaching impacts to the youth, for instance studies have revealed that increased accessibility to mass media is directly associated with loss of contentment for virginity among the adolescents. Studies further disclose that teenagers who are for the view that sexual content should be displayed on the mass media have high chances of not being contented with their first encounter of making love. In addition, adolescents who have access to TV programs showing high sexual content, deem the incidences of casual sex experiences positively unlike the teenagers who have not been exposed to such programs. Also, various surveys have disclosed that young people who watch sex related movies are usually against the use of condoms which is unlike to the other youths. Finally ,in a research that was done by the American Association the Pediatrics(AAP) it was demonstrated that youths who were highly exposed to sexual shows over the mass media had increased chances of getting pregnant or impregnating others as compared to their colleagues who lacked exposure to such shows.

Mix Racial and Cultural Groups Are Growing in the United States Essay

Mixed Racial and Cultural Groups is increased by a marginal number in the United States. The growth of these multiracial groups started to surface through migration of different ethnics and raised most of their families in the United States even through marriage. These are some of the issues that have been raised by individual people of having an entity separation of mixed race and cultural or to considered them as Americans without a hyphen. Thinking about this issue myself, and thinking of my two children who married to a different ethnic rather than Samoans. These questions come to mind about this issue: How, Why, and what the three words that needs a big explanation about this matter. According to multiracial Americans, Americans whose identity as two or more races identifies with just one group culturally and socially. From statistics that I got from online, stated that about 2. 9% of the population in the year 2010 are self-identified as multiracial. The identity or the classification of the people’s identification is generally according to the culture they were raised in. Social segregation in many areas of the country is forming interracial unions or cultural group. The diversity of social conditions through migrations brought new groups of people to the United States. Through these migrations, mixed races started to rise when interracial marriage were born and started to increase in the United States. The movement of multiracial identity by more than one ethnicity has taken place and strong. Statistics from the year 2010 census in the United States shows that the largest multiracial groups were white and black which is 1. 8 million. The other 1. 7 millions are white and some other race, white and Asian is 1. 6, white and American Indian and Alaskan Native is 1. 4 million. I have learned that the largest growing group in multiracial is white and black which is about 134%. That is more than 1 million people. MIX RACIAL AND CULTURAL GROUP According to Susan Saulny of the New York Times, title Race Remixed, said that â€Å"sea of change is how we think about race, ethnicity and its place in society†. I believe that a challenge to trend towards multiracial from a sociological perspective is a leap that we should take. The understanding of racial and ethnic categories of their boundaries can be a problem to other multiracial groups. I think that ancestry is the biggest influence in identities through a number of generations through migrations. I also believe that each multi mix or racial group should be treated the same regardless of their identity. If they are legally citizens of the United States, they have the right to be treated equally. I believe that they have contributed to the wellbeing and welfare of the United States through their services in employment within the government, military or private companies. Regardless of the race and ethnicity, they should be treated and considered Americans. President Obama is good example of what I mean about treating them the same no matter what color of their skin or where they are from. I know that some of these mix race entities are trying to separate themselves with-in the United States but when they travel to other countries of the world, they considered be call Americans. As a citizen of New Zealand, I am proud to call myself to be an American and I respect the land that my children were born. What can the United States or these multiracial groups gain from wanting to be separated from their identity. Through my search online, I came across Mrs. Karissa Sulliva’s draft and she said that ancestry influences identities. She said that socialization is the crucible of racial and ethnic identity formation. Farley in 2002, construct racial and ethnic classifications which was adopted by the government for each race or reconsidered themselves to either refuse to identify their own race and ethnic category. MIX RACIAL AND CULTURAL GROUP. I believe that mix racial and cultural groups are increasing daily by the number throughout the United States. However, research shows that children with an original multiracial identity grow up to be happier than those of single-race identity. Some of the statistics shows that another addition to the growth of mix race is through adoption of children from countries outside of the United States. According to Fact’s for Families 2010, parents are coping with these pressures in having open communications with the families about their culture and race. Encouragement and support in every multicultural group for families to be familiar with their language, traditions and customs within their families. They have to support and try to establish a good relationship by creating a network for their children, parents, family member, relatives and the community. In conclusion, the separation and classifications between mix racial and multicultural groups is not an easy task or thing to do. Two of my children are married to different ethnic. My oldest daughter is married to an African American and my son is married to a girl who is beautiful and white but has about four or five mix blood in her. I believe in democracy and the United States is nowhere in having a separation of any mix race and cultural group who are living in the United States. God Bless America, God bless the people of the United States. References: Perez, Anthony Daniel, Hirschman, Charles. The Changing Racial and Ethnic. http://www. ncbi. nlm. nih. gov/pmc/articles/PMC2882688/ The American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (March-2011). Facts for Families, no. 71 Multiracial Children. http://www. aacap. org/galleries/FactsForFamilies/71_multiracial_children. pdf Dr. Nicole Martinez and Mrs. Karissa Sullivan. May 6, 2013 .docx.